The vertical spray scrubber (also known as an exhaust gas purification tower / water-sealed flame-proof absorption tower) is one of the core equipment used in industry for exhaust gas purification, dust removal, and fire prevention and explosion protection. 

I. Main tower body 

1. A vertical cylindrical tank, mostly made of carbon steel, but also available in stainless steel, fiberglass reinforced plastic or PP materials, depending on the corrosiveness of the exhaust gas. 

2. The top is the gas outlet, and the bottom has an exhaust gas inlet. The gas flows upwards, while the spray liquid flows downwards. They come into counter-flow contact with each other. 

II. Recirculating Sprinkler System 

1. The bottom part is a circulating water tank. Water (or absorbent liquid) is transported to the spray layer inside the tower through the water pump and pipeline system. 

2. The pressure gauges on the pipeline are used to monitor the pressure of the spray system. The valves can regulate the flow rate to ensure a stable atomization effect. 

III. Supplementary Functional Components 

1. On the side of the water tank, there are inspection ports and a sewage valve, which facilitate maintenance. 

2. The equipment is equipped with a packing layer and a demister inside the tower, which enhances the gas-liquid contact efficiency and improves the efficiency of removing dust and harmful gases from the exhaust gas. 

IV. Working Principle 

1. Exhaust gas purification: Polluted exhaust gas enters from the bottom of the tower and flows upwards. During the upward process, it fully mixes with the absorption liquid sprayed by the spray system (such as water, acid-base solutions, etc.). The dust and acidic/alkaline gases in the exhaust gas are captured and neutralized by the absorption liquid, thereby achieving purification. 

2. Recycling: The absorbent liquid falls into the water tank at the bottom of the tower, and is then pressurized by a pump and sprayed again to form a circulation system, significantly reducing water consumption and chemical agent usage.